Kwinkqubo yemveliso, iinkampani ezisisiseko ziya kudibana neziphene zokuphosa ezinje ngokuncipha, amaqamza, kunye nokwahlulahlula, okukhokelela kwizivuno eziphantsi. Ukunyibilika kwakhona kunye nokuveliswa kuya kujongana nesixa esikhulu sabasebenzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane. Indlela yokunciphisa iziphene zokuphosa yingxaki abaqeqeshi be-Foundry abasoloko bexhalabile ngayo.
Ngokuphathelele umba wokunciphisa iziphene zokuphosa, uJohn Campbell, uprofesa waseYunivesithi yaseBirmingham e-UK, unokuqonda okukodwa kokunciphisa iziphene zokuphosa. Kwangoko ngo-2001, u-Li Dianzhong, umphandi kwiZiko loPhando lweMetal, i-Academy yaseTshayina yeSayensi, wenza inkqubo yokulungelelanisa inkqubo yokulinganisa kunye noyilo lwenkqubo phantsi kwesikhokelo sikaNjingalwazi uJohn Campbell. Namhlanje, i-Intercontinental Media iqulunqe uluhlu lwemigaqo elishumi ephezulu yokunciphisa iziphene zokuphosa ezicetywayo ngumphathi wamazwe ngamazwe uJohn Campbell.
1.Ukusaswa okuhle kuqala ngokunyibilikiswa komgangatho ophezulu
Nje ukuba uqale ukugalela ii-castings, kufuneka uqale ulungiselele, ujonge kwaye ubambe inkqubo yokunyibilikisa. Ukuba kuyafuneka, owona mgangatho uphantsi owamkelekileyo unokwamkelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukhetho olungcono kukulungiselela kunye nokwamkela isicwangciso sokunyibilikisa kufutshane neziphene zero.
2.Kuphephe ukubandakanywa okuphazamisekileyo kwindawo yolwelo yasimahla
Oku kufuna ukuba kuthintelwe isantya sokuhamba ngokugqithisileyo kumphezulu wolwelo osimahla (i-meniscus). Kwiintsimbi ezininzi, isantya esiphezulu sokuhamba silawulwa kwi-0.5m / s. Kwiinkqubo zokuphosa ezivaliweyo okanye iindawo ezinodonga oluncinci, isantya esiphezulu sokuhamba siya kwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Le mfuneko ikwathetha ukuba ukuphakama kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo ewayo akunako ukudlula ixabiso elibalulekileyo lokuphakama "kwe-static drop".
3.Kuphephe ukubandakanywa kwe-laminar yeegobolondo ze-condensate ebusweni kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo
Oku kufuna ukuba ngexesha lenkqubo yonke yokuzalisa, akukho siphelo sangaphambili sokuhamba kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kufuneka siyeke ukuhamba ngaphambi kwexesha. I-meniscus yesinyithi etyhidiweyo kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuzaliswa kufuneka ihlale ishukuma kwaye ingachatshazelwa kukuxina kwamagobolondo e-condensate yomhlaba, eya kuba yinxalenye yokuphosa. Ukufezekisa esi siphumo, isiphelo sangaphambili sensimbi etyhidiweyo sinokuyilwa ukwandisa ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokwenza umsebenzi, kuphela ukugalela ezantsi "ukunyuka" kunokufezekisa inkqubo eqhubekayo yokunyuka. (Umzekelo, ekujuleni komxhuzulane, iqala ukuqukuqela ukuya phezulu ukusuka ezantsi kwimbaleki ethe tye). Ithetha ukuba:
Inkqubo yokugalela emazantsi;
Akukho "ukwehla" ukuwa okanye ukutyibilika kwesinyithi;
Akukho misinga mikhulu ethe tye;
Akukho kumisa ngaphambili kwentsimbi ngenxa yokugalela okanye ukuhamba kwe-cascading.
4.Kuphephe ukubanjiswa komoya (ukuvelisa amaqamza)
Kuphephe ukuvalelwa komoya kwinkqubo yokugalela ekubangeleni amaqamza ukuba angene emngxunyeni. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokuthi:
Ukuyila ngokufanelekileyo ikomityi yokugalela enyathelweyo;
Ukuyila ngokufanelekileyo i-sprue yokuzaliswa ngokukhawuleza;
Ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenzisa "idama";
Kuphephe ukusebenzisa "iqula" okanye enye inkqubo yokugalela evulekileyo;
Ukusebenzisa i-runner encinci ye-cross-section okanye ukusebenzisa i-ceramic filter kufuphi nokudibanisa phakathi kwe-sprue kunye ne-cross-runner;
Ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokususa umoya;
Inkqubo yokugalela ayiphazamiseki.
5.Kuphephe imingxunya engundoqo yesanti
Gwema amaqamza omoya aveliswa ngundoqo wesanti okanye isikhunta sesanti ekungeneni kwisinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kumngxunya. Undoqo wesanti kufuneka ube nomoya ophantsi kakhulu, okanye usebenzise umbhobho ofanelekileyo ukuthintela ukuveliswa kwemingxuma engundoqo yesanti. Iziseko zesanti esekwe ngodongwe okanye iglu yokulungisa ukungunda ayinakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokuba yome ngokupheleleyo.
6.Kuphephe ukucutheka kwemingxuma
Ngenxa ye-convection kunye ne-gradient zoxinzelelo ezingazinzanga, akunakwenzeka ukufikelela phezulu kwi-shrinkage yokutya kwi-castings enkulu kunye ne-cross-section castings. Ngoko ke, yonke imithetho yokutya eyanciphayo kufuneka ilandelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe uyilo olulungileyo lokutya kwe-shrinkage, kunye neteknoloji yokulinganisa ikhompyutha kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuqinisekiswa kunye neesampuli zangempela zokuphosa. Lawula inqanaba le-flash ekudibaniseni phakathi kwesikhunta sesanti kunye nombindi wesanti; lawula ubukhulu bengubo yokuphosa (ukuba ikhona); lawula i-alloy kunye nobushushu bokuphosa.
7.Kuphephe ukuhanjiswa
Iingozi zeconvection zinxulumene nexesha lokuqina. Iisamente ezinodonga olucekethekileyo nezingqindilili azichatshazelwa ziingozi zokuhambisa. Ukwakhiwa kobungqingqwa obuphakathi: ukunciphisa iingozi ze-convection ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo sokuphosa okanye inkqubo;
Kuphephe ukondla okunyukayo;
Ukujika emva kokugalela.
8.Nciphisa ulwahlulo
Ukuthintela ulwahlulo kunye nokulawula ngaphakathi kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, okanye indawo elinganiselwe yokuqulunqa evunyelwe ngumthengi. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, zama ukukuphepha ukwahlulwa kwejelo.
9.Nciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo
Emva kwesisombululo sonyango lwee-alloys ezikhanyayo, musa ukucima ngamanzi (amanzi abandayo okanye ashushu). Ukuba uxinzelelo lokuphosa alubonakali lukhulu, sebenzisa i-polymer quenching medium okanye ukucima umoya ngenkani.
10.Amanqaku esalathiso anikwe
Zonke iicastings kufuneka zinikwe iindawo zereferensi zokuma ukuze zihlolwe kwaye ziqhutywe.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-30-2024
